Haiti
In the First Committee of the UN General Assembly in October 2024, Haiti expressed ‘growing concern’ at the threat posed by the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and reaffirmed its support for the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW), ‘which complements the [the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)]’.1 The Caribbean Community (CARICOM), of which Haiti is a member, also reiterated its support for the TPNW and urged ‘all States to engage constructively with this vital legal instrument’.2
TPNW Status
| Key weapons of mass destruction treaties | ||
|---|---|---|
| NUCLEAR WEAPONS | ||
| Party to the TPNW | No (Signed 2022) | |
| Party to the NPT | Yes (Ratified 1970) | |
| Ratified the CTBT | Yes (Ratified 2005) | |
| Party to an NWFZ | Yes (Ratified 1969, Tlatelolco) | |
| CSA with the IAEA | Yes (In force 2006) | |
| AP with the IAEA | Yes (In force 2006) | |
| BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL WEAPONS | ||
| Party to the BWC | No (Signed 1972) | |
| Party to the CWC | Yes (Ratified 2006) | |
| TPNW Art. 1(1) prohibitions: Compliance in 2024 | ||
|---|---|---|
| (a) | Develop, produce, manufacture, acquire | Compliant |
| Possess or stockpile | Compliant | |
| Test | Compliant | |
| (b) | Transfer | Compliant |
| (c) | Receive transfer or control | Compliant |
| (d) | Use | Compliant |
| Threaten to use | Compliant | |
| (e) | Assist, encourage or induce | Compliant |
| (f) | Seek or receive assistance | Compliant |
| (g) | Allow stationing, installation, deployment | Compliant |
| TPNW voting and participation | |
|---|---|
| UNGA resolution on TPNW (latest vote) | Voted yes (2024) |
| Participated in 2MSP (2023) | Yes (observer) |
| Participated in 1MSP (2022) | No |
| Average MSP delegation size (% women) | 4 (25%) |
| Adoption of TPNW (7 July 2017) | Voted yes |
| Participated in TPNW negotiations (2017) | Yes |
| Negotiation mandate (A/RES/71/258) | Did not vote |
| Fissile material | |
|---|---|
| Nuclear facilities | No |
| Fissile material production | No |
| HEU stocks | No |
| Plutonium stocks | No |
| SQP with the IAEA | Yes (Modified) |
Latest developments
Haiti was one of the co-sponsors for the 2024 UN General Assembly resolution on the TPNW, which welcomed the Treaty’s entry into force and called upon ‘all States that have not yet done so to sign, ratify, accept, approve or accede to the Treaty at the earliest possible date’.3
Haiti observed the Second Meeting of States Parties (2MSP) to the TPNW) in November-December 2023, describing it as an ‘opportunity to institutionalise and strengthen the TPNW’. ‘This Treaty is considered an important step towards the goal of a world free of nuclear weapons and a strong demonstration of support for multilateral approaches to disarmament,’ it said. Haiti also recalled that the states of Latin America and the Caribbean, motivated by humanitarian concerns, participated in the negotiation of the TPNW in 2017 ‘in a constructive and responsible spirit, with a view to filling a legal void in the field of disarmament’.4
Recommendations
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Haiti should urgently ratify the TPNW.
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Haiti should ratify the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC).