Mozambique
Mozambique attended as an observer the Second Meeting of States Parties to the TPNW (2MSP) in November and December 2023, where it provided an update on its domestic ratification process. It announced that ‘After long and necessary internal procedures, the government of Mozambique approved on 19 September 2023 and endorsed the resolution ratifying the [TPNW] to the Assembly of the Republic … As this is the last stage of the internal procedures, we are committed to get this step done soon.’[1]
TPNW Status
| TPNW Article 1(1) prohibitions: Compliance in 2023 | ||
|---|---|---|
| (a) | Develop, produce, manufacture, acquire | Compliant |
| Test | Compliant | |
| Possess or stockpile | Compliant | |
| (b) | Transfer | Compliant |
| (c) | Receive transfer or control | Compliant |
| (d) | Use | Compliant |
| Threaten to use | Compliant | |
| (e) | Assist, encourage or induce | Compliant |
| (f) | Seek or receive assistance | Compliant |
| (g) | Allow stationing, installation, deployment | Compliant |
| TPNW voting and participation | |
|---|---|
| UNGA resolution on TPNW (latest vote) | Voted yes (2023) |
| Participated in 2MSP (2023) | Yes (observer) |
| 2MSP delegation size (% women) | 3 (33%) |
| Adoption of TPNW (7 July 2017) | Voted yes |
| Participated in TPNW negotiations (2017) | Yes |
| Negotiation mandate (A/RES/71/258) | Voted yes |
| Other weapons of mass destruction (WMD) treaties | |
|---|---|
| Party to an NWFZ | Yes (Ratified 2008, Pelindaba) |
| Party to the NPT | Yes (Acceded 1990) |
| Ratified the CTBT | Yes (Ratified 2008) |
| Party to the BWC | Yes (Acceded 2011) |
| Party to the CWC | Yes (Acceded 2000) |
| IAEA safeguards and fissile material | |
|---|---|
| Safeguards agreement | Yes (1 Mar 2011) |
| TPNW Art 3(2) deadline | N/A |
| Small Quantities Protocol | Yes (Modified) |
| Additional Protocol | Yes |
| Enrichment facilities/reprocessing plants | No |
| HEU stocks | No |
| Plutonium stocks | No |
Latest developments
At the 2MSP, Mozambique stated: ‘Mozambique’s commitment to the TPNW has, first and foremost, its foundations in our constitution, which advocates for the upholding of the principle of general and complete disarmament of all States, as well as the transformation of the Indian Ocean into a nuclear-free zone and zone of peace.’ Morocco described the 2MSP as an ‘opportunity to further institutionalise, universalise and strengthen the TPNW while retaining the energy, dynamism, collaborative and action-oriented way of working that has distinguished the Treaty’. It added that the TPNW’s full implementation will ‘strengthen the disarmament regime’ and help to achieve ‘the much-needed world free of nuclear weapons’. It also congratulated those states that had recently signed, ratified or acceded to the TPNW.
In January 2023, Mozambique participated in an African regional seminar on universalisation of the TPNW in Pretoria, hosted by the South African foreign ministry.3
Recommendations
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Mozambique should urgently ratify the TPNW.