Comoros
The Comoros co-sponsored the 2025 UN General Assembly resolution on the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW), which welcomed the Treaty’s entry into force and called upon ‘all States that have not yet done so to sign, ratify, accept, approve, or accede to the Treaty at the earliest possible date’.1
TPNW Status
| Key weapons of mass destruction treaties | ||
|---|---|---|
| NUCLEAR WEAPONS | ||
| Party to the TPNW | Yes (Ratified 2021) | |
| Party to the NPT | Yes (Acceded 1995) | |
| Ratified the CTBT | Yes (Ratified 2021) | |
| Party to an NWFZ | Yes (Ratified 2012, Pelindaba) | |
| CSA with the IAEA | Yes (In force 2009) | |
| AP with the IAEA | Yes (In force 2009) | |
| BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL WEAPONS | ||
| Party to the BWC | Yes (Acceded 2025) | |
| Party to the CWC | Yes (Ratified 2006) | |
| TPNW Art. 1(1) prohibitions: Compliance in 2025 | ||
|---|---|---|
| (a) | Develop, produce, manufacture, acquire | Compliant |
| Possess or stockpile | Compliant | |
| Test | Compliant | |
| (b) | Transfer | Compliant |
| (c) | Receive transfer or control | Compliant |
| (d) | Use | Compliant |
| Threaten to use | Compliant | |
| (e) | Assist, encourage or induce | Compliant |
| (f) | Seek or receive assistance | Compliant |
| (g) | Allow stationing, installation, deployment | Compliant |
| TPNW voting and participation | |
|---|---|
| UNGA resolution on TPNW (latest vote) | Voted yes (2025) |
| Participated in 3MSP (2025) | No |
| Participated in 2MSP (2023) | Yes |
| Participated in 1MSP (2022) | Yes |
| Average MSP delegation size (% women) | 3 (10%) |
| Adoption of TPNW (7 July 2017) | Did not vote |
| Participated in TPNW negotiations (2017) | Yes |
| Negotiation mandate (A/RES/71/258) | Voted yes |
| Fissile material | |
|---|---|
| Nuclear facilities | No |
| Fissile material production | No |
| HEU stocks | No |
| Plutonium stocks | No |
| SQP with the IAEA | Yes (Revised) |
Latest developments
In the general debate of the 80th session of the UN General Assembly in September 2025, the President of the Comoros, Azali Assoumani, noted that decades ago the Indian Ocean was declared a ‘zone of peace, free of nuclear weapons and military bases’. ‘Yet even today, conflicting ambitions threaten this stability,’ he said. ‘I therefore strongly condemn any plans to establish a military naval base in Mayotte, a Comorian island that unfortunately remains under French administration.’2
At a high-level event on 26 September 2025 marking the International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons, the Comoros warned that the impact of nuclear weapons ‘knows no borders’ and announced that its National Assembly had recently adopted a law on nuclear safety, ‘which should allow us to better regulate and control nuclear activities on our territory’.3
In the First Committee of the UN General Assembly in October 2024, the Comoros said that it was proud to have ratified the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) and urged all States that have not yet done so to ratify it ‘without delay’. In the interim, such States should observe TPNW Meetings of States Parties ‘with a view to engaging constructively with the States that are already committed to this Treaty’, it said, adding that the TPNW complements and strengthens elements of the global security architecture. It further stated the TPNW ‘represents a crucial step toward ridding the world of the most destructive and inhumane weapons ever created’.4
Recommendations
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The Comoros should continue to encourage other states to adhere to the TPNW.
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The Comoros should ensure that all the TPNW obligations are implemented domestically, through legal, administrative, and other necessary measures.
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The Comoros should adhere to the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC).