Mongolia
During the high-level segment of the UN General Assembly, the President of Mongolia, Khurelsukh Ukhnaa, said: ‘It has been more than three decades since Mongolia declared its territory as nuclear-weapon-free and we have been fully supporting [the] international community’s efforts for disarmament and non-proliferation of nuclear weapons.’[1]
TPNW Status
| TPNW Article 1(1) prohibitions: Compliance in 2023 | ||
|---|---|---|
| (a) | Develop, produce, manufacture, acquire | Compliant |
| Test | Compliant | |
| Possess or stockpile | Compliant | |
| (b) | Transfer | Compliant |
| (c) | Receive transfer or control | Compliant |
| (d) | Use | Compliant |
| Threaten to use | Compliant | |
| (e) | Assist, encourage or induce | Compliant |
| (f) | Seek or receive assistance | Compliant |
| (g) | Allow stationing, installation, deployment | Compliant |
| TPNW voting and participation | |
|---|---|
| UNGA resolution on TPNW (latest vote) | Voted yes (2023) |
| Participated in 2MSP (2023) | Yes |
| 1MSP delegation size (% women) | 2 (0%) |
| Adoption of TPNW (7 July 2017) | Voted yes |
| Participated in TPNW negotiations (2017) | Yes |
| Negotiation mandate (A/RES/71/258) | Voted yes |
| Other weapons of mass destruction (WMD) treaties | |
|---|---|
| Party to an NWFZ | Yes (Declared 1992, unilateral) |
| Party to the NPT | Yes (Ratified 1969) |
| Ratified the CTBT | Yes (Ratified 1997) |
| Party to the BWC | Yes (Ratified 1972) |
| Party to the CWC | Yes (Ratified 1995) |
| IAEA safeguards and fissile material | |
|---|---|
| Safeguards agreement | Yes (5 Sep 1972) |
| TPNW Art 3(2) deadline | N/A |
| Small Quantities Protocol | Yes (Original) |
| Additional Protocol | Yes |
| Enrichment facilities/reprocessing plants | No |
| HEU stocks | No |
| Plutonium stocks | No |
Latest developments
In the First Committee of the UN General Assembly in October 2023, Mongolia said that it would ‘continue to provide unwavering support’ for the implementation of the NPT, the TPNW and other disarmament treaties. ‘The [TPNW] is crucial in achieving the objectives of the total elimination of nuclear weapons,’ it said, describing its entry into force in 2021 as a ‘milestone’.2
Mongolia participated in the Second Meeting of States Parties to the TPNW (2MSP) in November and December 2023, where it reiterated its ‘full commitment’ to the Treaty’s implementation. It said that the TPNW ‘strengthens the legal framework for nuclear disarmament’ and called upon ‘all States that have not yet done so to sign, ratify or accede to the Treaty’.3
Mongolia was one of the co-sponsors for the 2023 UN General Assembly resolution on the TPNW, which called upon ‘all States that have not yet done so to sign, ratify, accept, approve or accede to the Treaty at the earliest possible date’.4
Recommendations
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Mongolia should continue to encourage other states to adhere to the TPNW.
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Mongolia should ensure that all the TPNW obligations are implemented domestically, through legal, administrative, and other necessary measures.
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Mongolia should upgrade to a Modified Small Quantities Protocol with the IAEA.