Mongolia
Mongolia is an example to be followed by other States, as it has adhered to all of the seven key treaties in the legal architecture on disarmament and non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, in addition to having nuclear-weapon-free status.
TPNW Status
| Key weapons of mass destruction treaties | ||
|---|---|---|
| NUCLEAR WEAPONS | ||
| Party to the TPNW | Yes (Acceded 2021) | |
| Party to the NPT | Yes (Ratified 1969) | |
| Ratified the CTBT | Yes (Ratified 1997) | |
| Party to an NWFZ | Yes (Declared 1992, unilateral) | |
| CSA with the IAEA | Yes (In force 1972) | |
| AP with the IAEA | Yes (In force 2003) | |
| BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL WEAPONS | ||
| Party to the BWC | Yes (Ratified 1972) | |
| Party to the CWC | Yes (Ratified 1995) | |
| TPNW Art. 1(1) prohibitions: Compliance in 2025 | ||
|---|---|---|
| (a) | Develop, produce, manufacture, acquire | Compliant |
| Possess or stockpile | Compliant | |
| Test | Compliant | |
| (b) | Transfer | Compliant |
| (c) | Receive transfer or control | Compliant |
| (d) | Use | Compliant |
| Threaten to use | Compliant | |
| (e) | Assist, encourage or induce | Compliant |
| (f) | Seek or receive assistance | Compliant |
| (g) | Allow stationing, installation, deployment | Compliant |
| TPNW voting and participation | |
|---|---|
| UNGA resolution on TPNW (latest vote) | Voted yes (2025) |
| Participated in 3MSP (2025) | Yes |
| Participated in 2MSP (2023) | Yes |
| Participated in 1MSP (2022) | Yes |
| Average MSP delegation size (% women) | 2.33 (28.%) |
| Adoption of TPNW (7 July 2017) | Voted yes |
| Participated in TPNW negotiations (2017) | Yes |
| Negotiation mandate (A/RES/71/258) | Voted yes |
| Fissile material | |
|---|---|
| Nuclear facilities | No |
| Fissile material production | No |
| HEU stocks | No |
| Plutonium stocks | No |
| SQP with the IAEA | Yes (Revised) |
Latest developments
At the Third Meeting of States Parties (3MSP) to the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) in March 2025, Mongolia said that the Treaty ‘represents a significant milestone in international disarmament efforts as the first legally binding instrument to comprehensively prohibit nuclear weapons’. It called for its continued implementation to strengthen global efforts to eliminate nuclear weapons.1
At the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) Preparatory Committee meeting in April 2025, Mongolia said: ‘We owe it to the future generations to move beyond expressions of intent and take bold steps toward a world free of nuclear weapons.’2
Speaking at a high-level event on 26 September 2025 to mark the International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia, Batmunkh Battsetseg, said that instruments such as the TPNW, the NPT, and ‘the growing network of nuclear-weapon-free zones demonstrate that collective progress is possible when political will converges with moral responsibility’.3
In the general debate of the 80th session of the UN General Assembly in September 2025, the President of Mongolia, Khurelsukh Ukhnaa, said that his country has demonstrated its ‘enduring commitments to disarmament and non-proliferation’ by declaring the ‘nuclear-weapon-free status’ of its territory.4
In the First Committee of the UN General Assembly in October 2025, Mongolia reaffirmed ‘its steadfast commitment to advancing nuclear disarmament and upholding international peace and security’, including through the full and effective implementation treaties such as the NPT and the TPNW.5
Mongolia co-sponsored the 2025 UN General Assembly resolution on the TPNW, which welcomed the Treaty’s entry into force and called upon ‘all States that have not yet done so to sign, ratify, accept, approve, or accede to the Treaty at the earliest possible date’.6
Recommendations
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Mongolia should continue to encourage other states to adhere to the TPNW.
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Mongolia should ensure that all the TPNW obligations are implemented domestically, through legal, administrative, and other necessary measures.